- Title
- Astrocyte–Magnocellular Neuron Interactions in Hypothalamic Memory
- Creator
- Gordon, Grrant R.; Dayas, Christopher; Bains, Jaideep
- Relation
- Glial-Neuronal Signaling in Neuroendocrine Systems p. 81-103
- Relation
- Masterclass in Neuroendocrinology 11
- Publisher
- Springer Nature
- Resource Type
- book chapter
- Date
- 2021
- Description
- The magnocellular neuroendocrine cells—located in the supraoptic and the paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus—project their axons to the posterior pituitary, where they secrete the neurohormones vasopressin or oxytocin into the systemic circulation. Vasopressin regulates water–salt balance and blood pres- sure, whereas oxytocin controls key steps in lactation and parturition. These neuroendocrine cells interact with surrounding astrocytes, and this relationship plays an important role in synaptic and circuit plasticity, thereby regulating neuroendocrine output. Noradrenergic and glutamatergic inputs to the magnocellular neurons are essential drivers of neurohormone release, yet there is a surprising reliance on the recruitment of astrocyte-derived ATP in this excitation process. ATP release from these glia scales the strength of excitatory synapses on the magnocellular neurons, effectively increasing their ability to respond to many different afferent glutamate inputs when neurohormone release is needed. This system represents a unique example of how astrocyte–neuron interactions can shape the activity-level of homeostatic neural networks to meet physiological demands.
- Subject
- magnocellular neuroendocrine cell; astrocyte; gliotransmission; ATP; distributed plasticity; scaling
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1448967
- Identifier
- uon:43539
- Identifier
- ISBN:97830306238383030623831
- Language
- eng
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